雅思逻辑谬误
雅思逻辑谬误是指在雅思写作或口语中出现的各种不合理的推理或论证方式。以下是一些最常见的逻辑谬误类型及其例子:
草率前提 (Dicto Simpliciter) 例子
: "Women are on average not as strong as men and less able to perform well politically. Therefore, women can't pull their weight in government work."
点评: 这个结论是基于一个平均值的陈述,但错误地将其应用于所有女性,忽略了个体差异。过度概化 (Hasty Generalization)
例子: "McDonald's and KFC offer foods with little nutrition, and thus we cannot expect any fast food restaurant to provide us with nutritious foods."
点评: 仅基于两个快餐品牌的例子就推广到所有快餐品牌,这是不合理的。因果颠倒 (Post Hoc)
例子: "Most young criminals watch violent movies before they commit their crimes; obviously, violent movies lead to juvenile delinquency."
点评: 时间顺序并不等同于因果关系,不能因为两件事情先后发生就断定它们之间有因果关系。矛盾前提
例子: "If we don't care about the environment, the world will die in 50 years."
点评:
这个结论没有提供足够的证据支持,中间存在多个未提及的变量。